Determining what’s considered normal in terms of testosterone levels can be subjective. Normalcy varies from individual to individual, with doctors emphasizing that the actual number on your test results may not be as crucial as you think. Instead, how you feel takes precedence.
According to Paul Gittens, M.D., a board-certified urologist and founder of the Rockwell Centers for Sexual Medicine and Wellness, it’s essential to consider how your testosterone levels align with your symptoms. “It’s not solely about the numbers,” he explains. “It’s about how those numbers correlate with your overall well-being.”
While doctors use testosterone levels as a guideline, there’s significant variability in the middle range, Dr. Gittens notes. Treatment decisions aren’t solely based on numbers, as Justin Dubin, M.D., a urologist and men’s health specialist at Memorial Healthcare System, highlights. “It’s important to consider the individual’s story along with their lab results,” Dr. Dubin says.
How you feel carries more weight than the numbers themselves, Dr. Gittens emphasizes. Low testosterone levels can lead to various unpleasant symptoms, including decreased libido, muscle loss, mood swings, and fatigue.
Testosterone, a hormone produced by the testicles, plays a vital role in numerous bodily functions, including sexual desire, muscle and bone growth, hair growth, voice modulation, and red blood cell production.
However, determining what constitutes a “normal” testosterone level isn’t straightforward, Dr. Gittens explains. Testosterone levels can vary widely among individuals and fluctuate throughout the day.
“It’s not a simple yes or no,” Dr. Dubin adds. “Physicians must consider the broader context.”
What Testosterone Level Is Considered Normal?
Regarding what’s considered a normal testosterone level, there’s a broad spectrum. Some doctors suggest that healthy levels typically range between 264 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL) and 1,000 ng/dL. Levels below 264 ng/dL are deemed low, while those above 1,000 ng/dL are considered high.
According to Dr. Gittens, even within the normal range, there’s considerable variation. “Some individuals may feel unwell even with testosterone levels around 310 or 350. Therefore, it’s crucial to assess each person’s symptoms individually.”
Brian Black, D.O., a board-certified family medicine physician, notes that testosterone levels typically decline with age, starting in one’s 30s. Additionally, testosterone levels fluctuate throughout the day, peaking in the morning, which is why doctors often conduct tests during this time.
To ensure accuracy, two tests are usually performed on different days to obtain a reliable reading. If testosterone levels are low, doctors will tailor a treatment plan accordingly, often including testosterone therapy.
Numerous factors can impact testosterone levels, and experiencing symptoms of low testosterone isn’t solely determined by a specific numeric threshold. As Dr. Dubin explains, “A testosterone level of 300 doesn’t automatically indicate low testosterone, nor does a level of 315 guarantee normalcy.” Some experts argue that even a testosterone level of 264 ng/dL can still be within a healthy range.
What Affects Testosterone Levels?
Age is a significant factor influencing testosterone levels, with total testosterone typically decreasing by about 1.6 percent per year as individuals age. Weight also plays a crucial role, as obesity has been linked to lower testosterone levels. Leptin, a hormone found in fat cells, may inhibit testosterone production, while excess fat cells can elevate estrogen levels, further suppressing testosterone.
Additionally, various other factors can contribute to decreased testosterone levels, including medication such as chemotherapy, testicular injuries, thyroid disorders, chronic diseases or infections like HIV, hypertension, high cholesterol, opioid drug use, and steroid use.
When it comes to testosterone levels, the notion that higher is always better is a misconception, according to medical experts. Testosterone levels don’t define masculinity, emphasizes Dr. Dubin, as libido and other factors can vary significantly among individuals.
Dr. Gittens often encounters patients fixated on achieving specific testosterone levels, often influenced by online information. However, solely focusing on numbers can be detrimental to patients’ well-being, he warns.
More Testosterone Isn’t Always Better
In fact, having excessively high testosterone levels can lead to adverse effects, notes Dr. John Lynam, including low sperm counts, mood swings, insomnia, and high blood pressure. Naturally elevated testosterone levels in men are rare and are usually associated with medical conditions such as testicular tumors or adrenal gland issues. Additionally, individuals using anabolic steroids or testosterone therapy without medical supervision may experience elevated levels, cautions Dr. Black.
Understanding one’s exact testosterone number isn’t typically necessary unless symptoms warrant concern, Dr. Black suggests. Instead, emphasis should be placed on treating the individual and their symptoms, stresses Dr. Lynam. Treatment options are available for low testosterone levels, while excessively high levels can pose risks.
If experiencing symptoms such as low libido, fatigue, or erectile dysfunction, individuals are encouraged to discuss their concerns with a healthcare professional and consider getting their testosterone levels checked. Depending on the results and symptoms, testosterone therapy may be recommended.
How to Know What Your Testosterone Levels Are
In addition to medical interventions, lifestyle modifications like exercise, weight management, adequate sleep, stress reduction, and a balanced diet can also positively impact testosterone levels, according to Dr. Gittens.
Despite any associated stigma, seeking medical advice for symptoms related to testosterone levels is essential, emphasizes Dr. Dubin. Healthcare providers are equipped to address concerns and provide appropriate guidance and treatment options.
Roma Desai 
Anjali Kakkar 
Durga Awasthi